HISTORY OF INDIAN SHIPPING



                                  HISTORY OF INDIAN SHIPPING


Indian Shipping has a long story that tells its history which covers a huge period of about five millenniums, starting from the dawn of the popular Indus Valley Civilisation. It was a prosperous age of Indian maritime activities but a major part of its evolvement remains a mystery because of being unexplored.

After which the shipping industry flourished during the reign of Emperor Akbar when there were 40,000 Indian ships plying in the Indian Ocean.

To understand the nature and orientation of India’s shipping clearly, it is important to study and analyse it. India has always been counted among the leaders of the seafaring nations because of its extremely glorious shipping heritage.

THE BRITISH RULE

The rise of the British Rule gave fighting times to the whole Indian shipping industry

because of the cut- throat competition and unfair water rates of the foreign shipping companies unfortunately the golden Shipping history of India faced a major downfall. So during the British rule as a result of the Government’s strangulating policies and the insecurity of British counterparts, the British Government banned shipbuilding in India.The phase saw hiatus in the whole maritime industry for a long 100 years with 102 shipping companies shutting down, number of ships got reduced, etc.

The era of the modern Indian shipping began in the year of 1919 which saw the establishment of Scindia Steam Navigation Co. Ltd with its location being, Mumbai.The first ship S.S. Loyalty started to sail from Mumbai to UK on April 5 in the same year. Till today, April 5 is celebrated as India’s National Maritime Day at the outbreak of World War 2.

POST INDEPENDENCE ERA

Post independence, Indian shipping got a massive boost with its ports increasing from 6 to 13. Ten more shipping companies joined the Scindia Steam Navigation Co. and the number of shipping companies increased to 11. The number of ships rose from 59 to 1204 and earlier where the trading partners were only Britain & British Colonies, India’s trade partners increased with USA, UAE, Singapore, China, UK, Hong Kong, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, Germany and Netherlands joining the list.

Lets now summarise the growth and revival of the Indian Shipping Industry through some major events and information :

The Ministry of Shipping that performs under the Govt. of India, is the apex body responsible for the formulation and administration of the Shipping rules, regulations and laws.

The first and foremost ship building factory of India was established in Vishakhpatnam in the year 1941 and it was later adopted by the Indian Government and was named as ‘Hindustan Shipyard Limited’ in the year 1952.

The major ship building centres are ; Kolkata, Goa, Mumbai and Kochi.

The Kochi Dockyard which was developed in collaboration with Japan, is the largest and also the most recent Dockyard of the country. The Mazagaon Dockyard located in Mumbai builds naval ships for the Indian Navy.

India is counted among the leaders of maritime nations of the world with a whopping 6.8 million GRT or Gross Registered Tonnages and a ranking of 17th in the world.

The prestigious Shipping Corporation of India Ltd or SCI was formed in the year 1961. In the year 2008, it was conferred with the status of ‘Navratna’.

The Indian Maritime University or IMU was set up in the year 2008 at Chennai. It also has campuses at Chennai, Kolkata and Visakhapatnam.

CONCLUSION

The Indian shipping industry has always played and still plays an important role in the Indian economy as 90% of the country’s international trade by volume is conducted by the sea. Currently,India has about 1071 ships(722 coastal and 349 overseas ships). India maintains its feat of being the largest merchant shipping fleet among the developing nations and the industry very well supports the transportation of both national and international cargoes apart from providing facilities like shipbuilding, ship repairing, facilities of the lighthouse, etc.

The marvellous history of Indian Shipping has a lot to tell and the Industry today is flourishing with the emergence of globalisation and liberalisation. It is ready to acquire new dimensions and reach new levels of success in demand and infrastructural development.
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